"Mast Cell Activation" - Anne Maitland, MD, PhD

In this informative presentation, Dr. Anne Maitland sheds light on mast cell activation syndrome (MCAS), elucidating the role of mast cells in the immune system and how their overactivity can lead to a range of symptoms across various organ systems. Mast cells, which have evolutionary roles in defending against pathogens, can become hyperreactive due to environmental triggers and stressors. Dr. Maitland discusses the symptoms associated with MCAS, such as itching, gastrointestinal distress, and neurocognitive issues, and highlights diagnostic challenges due to the subtlety of the disorder. She proposes a comprehensive evaluation that includes symptom history, response to antihistamine treatments, and sometimes specific lab tests like serum tryptase levels. Treatment strategies may involve avoiding triggers, using antihistamines, mast cell stabilizers, and lifestyle modifications to manage stress, nutrition, and exposure to triggers. Dr. Maitland also explores the comorbidity of MCAS with conditions like Ehlers-Danlos Syndrome and immunodeficiencies, emphasizing the complexity and need for personalized management plans.